Cannabis law, country by country

The Taliban authorities ban narcotics and cannabis cultivation, the FCDO says bringing narcotics into the country can lead to arrest, and it advises against all travel.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Historically a major illegal producer. In 2023, Parliament voted to legalise the production of cannabis for medical and industrial purposes.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is prohibited in Algeria, including for medical use, and drug trafficking can attract the death penalty under the 2025 amendment to Law 04-18.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a narcotic in Andorra and the Constitutional Court has upheld that CBD flower counts as one regardless of THC.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Angola and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis remains illegal in Anguilla under the Drugs (Prevention of Misuse) Act. However, the Executive Council approved a cannabis decriminalisation policy in 2020, followed by extensive public consultations.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Possession of up to 15 grammes is not an offence and a licensed medicinal cannabis sector operates, but cannabis is otherwise controlled and no visitor import route was found.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis is legal for registered patients under Ley 27.350, Decreto 883/2020 and REPROCANN; private personal use is protected by the Supreme Court's 2009 Arriola ruling although possession remains an offence in Ley 23.737; no route for visitors to bring their own cannabis medicine was found.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled drug in Armenia and no medical cannabis scheme could be confirmed.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis is legal federally. Recreational use is legal only in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Possession for personal use was decriminalised in 2016. Medical cannabis is available.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled drug in Azerbaijan with severe penalties and no confirmed medical scheme.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Bahrain with no medical scheme; visitors should not bring any cannabis product.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Technically illegal, but enforcement varies. Traditional use has a long history.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Tolerated

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Medical cannabis is legal. Rastafarians have specific rights to use cannabis for sacramental purposes.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Extremely strict drug laws. Long prison sentences for even small amounts.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled substance with a low prosecution priority for small personal amounts; visitor rules for cannabis medicines are not published.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of up to 10 grammes of cannabis is not an offence under the Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Act, 2017, but everything else is illegal and no medical scheme or visitor permit was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Benin and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Bhutan and no medical cannabis scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of small amounts for personal use is technically decriminalised, but police discretion makes it risky.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis remains illegal. A committee was formed to explore medical legalisation but progress is slow.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Botswana enacted the Cannabis Act (Act No. 20 of 2025) and Cannabis Regulations 2026, establishing a comprehensive licensing framework for cannabis cultivation, manufacturing, import/export, transportation, distribution, and research.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2024

Medical use is allowed for specific conditions with imported products. Recreational use remains technically illegal but possession is often treated leniently.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

The British Virgin Islands enacted the Cannabis Licensing Act 2020, establishing a comprehensive medical cannabis framework. Therapeutic users can purchase up to 50 grams from licensed dispensaries via self-declaration.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act (Cap. 27); trafficking or importing more than 500 grams carries the death penalty, and consuming cannabis is an offence.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is classified as a high-risk drug. Penalties for possession can be severe.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Burkina Faso and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Burundi, with no medical scheme found and severe penalties per the FCDO.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Cabo Verde and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled drug under the Law on Drug Control (2012); penalties reach life imprisonment and no medical scheme for visitors was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Cameroon and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Canada legalised recreational cannabis in 2018 with the Cannabis Act. It has a comprehensive federal framework regulating production and sale.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Legal

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Jan 2025

The Cayman Islands amended the Misuse of Drugs Law to permit medicinal use of cannabis oil (CBD) by prescription only. Recreational cannabis remains strictly prohibited.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal in the Central African Republic and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Chad and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Chile has the highest per capita cannabis use in Latin America. Private consumption and cultivation are allowed, but sale is illegal.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is an illegal narcotic with severe penalties up to capital punishment; there is no medical scheme and no route for visitors or transit passengers.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical and scientific cannabis is legal under licence; personal possession up to 20 g is not penalised; no route for visitors to import their own cannabis medicine was found.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Comoros, with no medical scheme found and serious penalties per the FCDO.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in the Cook Islands, but since 2 July 2024 residents and visitors with an overseas prescription may import up to one month's supply for personal use.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Yes

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis was legalised in March 2022 under Law 10113. The law distinguishes between medical cannabis (>1% THC) which is strictly regulated, and industrial hemp (<1% THC) which is more accessible.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Côte d'Ivoire and the 1988 drugs law has no traveller exemption for prescribed medicines.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of small amounts is decriminalised. Medical cannabis has been legal since 2015.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Cuba under the Penal Code (Law 151 of 2022), courts are handing down multi-year prison terms for cannabis cases, and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Curacao established a comprehensive medical cannabis licensing framework under the Opium Ordinance (Opiumlandsverordening).

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Medical cannabis was legalised in 2019. Recreational use remains illegal.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Possession of small amounts is an administrative offence. Medical cannabis is legal and prescribed.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Medical cannabis pilot programme is active. Recreational use is illegal, though "Freetown Christiania" has a tolerated open market.

Medical:

Pilot only

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is reportedly illegal in Djibouti, with no medical scheme found and little official information.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of up to 28 grams is decriminalised. Home cultivation of up to 3 plants is allowed.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal in any amount under Law 50-88, there is no medical cannabis programme, and a US Embassy guide reported in March 2026 says foreign medical marijuana cards are not valid.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in DR Congo and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

The constitution permits medical use. Personal possession of small amounts (up to 10g) is not a crime.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is an illegal narcotic in Egypt with penalties up to life imprisonment or death, no medical scheme and no known exemption for visitors.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal under Decreto 153 (2003); no medical cannabis scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Equatorial Guinea and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is reportedly illegal in Eritrea, with no medical scheme found and little official information.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of small amounts is a misdemeanor. Medical cannabis is legal but rarely prescribed.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Unconfirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

The UK government says punishments for possessing or smuggling narcotic drugs in Eswatini can be severe and include imprisonment; no medical cannabis law, bill text or visitor guidance was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal and no medical scheme was found; EFDA's traveller medicine rule allows three months of narcotic medicines with English prescription but excludes 1961 Convention Schedule IV drugs, which include cannabis.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled illicit drug in Fiji with no medical cannabis scheme; the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004 exempts travellers carrying up to one month of lawfully prescribed medicine, but this is untested for cannabis.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled narcotic under the Narcotics Act 373/2008; no published scheme for visitors, and narcotic-classified medicines are limited to 14 days' supply for arrivals from outside Schengen.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

France has some of the strictest cannabis laws in Europe, though a medical cannabis experiment is ongoing.

Medical:

Pilot only

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled drug; a low-THC therapeutic pilot exists but no medicine is available to patients and no visitor route was found.

Medical:

Pilot only

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Gabon and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in The Gambia and the UK Foreign Office reports zero tolerance and cases of entrapment.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Georgia became one of the world's most progressive countries on cannabis after the Constitutional Court ruled in 2018 that imprisonment for marijuana consumption was unconstitutional. Personal consumption is now legal, though the ruling does not permit cultivation, sale, or commercial activities.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Legal

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Germany passed legislation in 2024 allowing adults to possess small amounts and grow plants, with "Cannabis Clubs" for distribution.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Ghana; licensed industrial and medical production was reported in 2023, with no patient scheme or visitor exemption found.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Greece has an EOF-regulated medical cannabis framework for residents and prohibits recreational cannabis; no official Greek rule on visiting patients from outside Schengen could be found.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is completely prohibited in Greenland for both recreational and medical purposes. Despite being part of the Kingdom of Denmark, Greenland exercises autonomous control over drug policy under the 2009 Self-Government Act and does not recognise Denmark's medical cannabis programme.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 12 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal. Possession is a criminal offence.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal under Decreto 48-92; no medical cannabis law has been enacted as far as we could find.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical:

Not yet recorded

Adult use:

Not yet recorded

Not yet checked

Cannabis is illegal in Guinea and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a Table I drug in Guinea-Bissau and the 1993 decree-law has no general medical exemption.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession is illegal. However, there are ongoing debates about decriminalisation for small amounts and Rastafarian use.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Haiti under a 2001 drug-control law, no medical cannabis scheme was found, and both the UK and New Zealand governments advise against travel to Haiti.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal under Decree 126-89; no medical cannabis scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis, THC and, since 1 February 2023, CBD are dangerous drugs in Hong Kong, with no medical cannabis scheme and no route found for visitors to bring them in.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

Strict prohibition. No medical cannabis programme exists.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal. There is no specific medical cannabis programme, though exemptions can be made.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Charas and ganja are prohibited under the NDPS Act 1985; bhang is excluded and tolerated in some states; there is no national medical scheme and no known route for visiting patients.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis, including medical cannabis and CBD, is illegal in Indonesia, and there is no visitor exemption.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal for all purposes in Iran and drug trafficking can be punished by death; no visitor exemption for medical cannabis was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in Iraq under Law 50 of 2017 and trafficking can carry the death penalty, which Iraq applies in practice.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled drug; the Medical Cannabis Access Programme covers three conditions for Irish patients, and no route for visitors could be confirmed.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical:

Not yet recorded

Adult use:

Not yet recorded

Not yet checked

Medical cannabis is lawful under Ministry of Health licence or prescription; adult use is not legal but private use is not prosecuted and public use draws administrative fines.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical use is legal. Recreational possession is an administrative offence.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled drug but possession of up to 2 ounces is a fine-only offence; a medical route exists, and a visitor permit is reported but could not be confirmed from official sources.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis and THC are narcotics in Japan, use became an offence on 12 December 2024, and a visitor needs prior MHLW permission to import any narcotic.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

Medical:

Not yet recorded

Adult use:

Not yet recorded

Not yet checked

Cannabis is illegal in Jordan with no patient scheme; visitors should not bring any cannabis product.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Kazakhstan with long prison terms and no confirmed medical scheme.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Kenya (possession up to 10 years per FCDO); no medical scheme or visitor exemption was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis (Indian hemp) is controlled under the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance (Cap. 23), amended in 2001, and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Kosovo prohibits cannabis under its Criminal Code, though 2019 reforms treat small possession as an administrative offence rather than criminal. Sale, cultivation, and trafficking remain serious criminal offences with imprisonment.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal with no medical scheme; narcotics may not be imported and penalties include 5 to 10 years for possession and the death sentence for trafficking.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Kyrgyzstan, there is no confirmed medical scheme, and medicines must be declared at customs.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a prohibited drug under the Law on Drugs, and the death penalty is available for drug offences, though no executions have been recorded since 1989.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal. Possession of small amounts is an administrative violation.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Unconfirmed

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Lebanon legalised medical cannabis cultivation in 2020, aiming to create a new export industry.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Lesotho's Drugs of Abuse Act 2008 controls cannabis and, in section 10, allows a person undergoing treatment who enters Lesotho to possess a prescribed drug in a reasonable quantity; a licensed medical cannabis industry exists.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Liberia and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in Libya under Law 7 of 1990, as amended, and importing or trafficking drugs is punishable by death or life imprisonment.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Liechtenstein, a principality between Switzerland and Austria, follows policies similar to its Swiss neighbor under the Narcotics Act (Betäubungsmittelgesetz). Possession of small amounts for personal use may be decriminalised in practice, resulting in fines rather than criminal prosecution.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal. Medical use is technically legal but very restricted with few approved products.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Luxembourg allows adults to grow up to four plants per household and possess small amounts in private. Public consumption remains prohibited.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Legal

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Macau maintains strict cannabis prohibition under Law 17/2009 on Prohibition of Production, Trafficking and Consumption of Narcotics. As a Special Administrative Region of China, Macau follows mainland-influenced drug policy.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Madagascar, with no medical scheme found and severe punishments for drug smuggling per the FCDO.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Malawi's Cannabis Regulation Act 2020 licenses medicinal cannabis and industrial hemp under a Cannabis Regulatory Authority, while recreational use stays illegal and the Dangerous Drugs Act carries a life-imprisonment maximum.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal and trafficking can carry death or life imprisonment; there is no medical programme and no known route for visiting patients.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a prohibited drug under the Drugs Act (Act No. 17/2011), and since the 2025 amendment the death penalty may apply to bringing in more than 350 grams.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is controlled under Mali's 2001 drugs law and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Malta was the first EU country to legalise recreational cannabis in 2021, allowing home grow and non-profit cannabis clubs.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Legal

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Marijuana is prohibited under the Prohibited Drugs (Prohibition and Control) Act 1987, with graded fines and imprisonment, and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Drug law in Mauritania is severe: Law 93-37 sets 15 to 30 years for trafficking and possession of high-risk drugs and allows the death penalty for repeat or aggravated offences.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited under the Dangerous Drugs Act 2000, with a Ministry-controlled medicinal route added in 2022 whose commencement is unconfirmed.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

The Supreme Court declared prohibition unconstitutional, but a full regulatory framework is still pending.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Marijuana is a Schedule I controlled substance under the FSM Code; small possession carries a modest fine but trafficking carries imprisonment, and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Possession of small amounts is an administrative offence, not a crime.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled narcotic in Monaco under Law No. 890 of 1970 and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Mongolia, and the narcotics law bars individuals from importing narcotic drugs across the border.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Montenegro, a 2022 proposal for medical cannabis oil was not reported as enacted, and no rule for visitors carrying cannabis medicines was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Montserrat enacted the Drugs (Prevention of Misuse) (Amendment) Act 2024, significantly reforming cannabis policy. Possession up to 10 grams may be dismissed or result in drug rehabilitation instead of conviction.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Law 13-21 (2021) licenses cannabis cultivation, manufacture and export for medical, pharmaceutical and industrial use under ANRAC, while adult use is illegal and domestic patient access is still nascent.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

The UK government says drug use, possession or trafficking in Mozambique brings a long prison sentence and a fine, and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor guidance was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Drugs are controlled by the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law as amended in 2018, and trafficking carries a minimum of 15 years or death.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited under Namibia's 1971 dependence-producing substances Act, no medical cannabis scheme was found, and the UK government warns of large fines and imprisonment.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is an illicit drug under the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004 (up to 10 years), with a one-month traveller exemption for lawfully prescribed drugs that is untested for cannabis.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited under the Narcotic Drugs (Control) Act 2033 (1976); medical cannabis has been announced but no scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis is supplied through the state Office of Medicinal Cannabis and pharmacies on a doctor's prescription, while cannabis remains illegal under the Opium Act and coffeeshop sales are only tolerated.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Tolerated

Import:

Yes

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis and CBD are controlled drugs; no medical scheme or visitor route found; narcotic medicines allowed only with prescription or certificate.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis scheme is operational. A referendum to legalise recreational use failed in 2020.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal under Ley 641 and Ley 735; no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a prohibited Table I drug in Niger with no medical use recognised in the 1999 ordinance.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Nigeria with severe penalties and no medical scheme or visitor exemption found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

No lawful route for visitors to bring cannabis into Niue has been found; no medicinal cannabis scheme exists and importation is a criminal offence.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

North Korea's cannabis status remains unclear and subject to conflicting reports. Some sources claim personal cultivation and use is tolerated and not considered a serious drug, while others report strict prohibition consistent with general authoritarian control.

Medical:

Unclear

Adult use:

Unclear

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

One of the first Balkan states to legalise medical cannabis cultivation, hoping to attract foreign investment.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis and CBD extracts are narcotics under the Medicines Act 1992; Sativex and Epidyolex can be prescribed and unapproved products need a special permit; non-resident visitors may bring 30 days of a narcotic medicine with documentation.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Oman with severe penalties and no medical scheme; visitors should not bring any cannabis product.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Charas is widely used but illegal. The government recently approved industrial hemp production.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Tolerated

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Palau; the statute could not be retrieved and press reports long minimum sentences for controlled substances.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in the Palestinian territories, the death penalty for drug dealing is reported in Gaza, and the FCDO advises against all travel to Gaza and against most travel to the West Bank.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Law 242 of 2021 regulates medical cannabis, which entered its operational phase in mid-2026; recreational cannabis is illegal.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a dangerous drug under the Dangerous Drugs Act (Chapter 228); importation needs a licence limited to practitioners and approved persons, and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

A major producer of illicit cannabis in the region. Medical use was legalised in 2017.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Medical cannabis is regulated under Law 30681 with a patient registry; recreational cannabis is illegal, but possession of up to 8 g for immediate personal use is not punishable.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Illegal with harsh penalties. Limited compassionate use permits are available for medical cannabis.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Poland has a medical cannabis scheme for residents and prohibits recreational cannabis; no official Polish rule on visiting patients from outside Schengen could be found.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis is legal on doctor's prescription under INFARMED; personal drug use is decriminalised but not legalised.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled substance in Qatar under Law No. 9 of 1987, there is no medical cannabis scheme, and no lawful route for a visitor to bring it in could be confirmed.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in the Republic of the Congo and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Romania, medical cannabis is reportedly not available in practice, and no official rule on visiting patients could be found.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Moderate

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis and CBD are prohibited in Russia with severe prison penalties; no visitor exemption for medical cannabis was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Passed an order in 2021 legalising the production and use of medical cannabis.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Following a court ruling, parts of the Drugs Act were declared unconstitutional, allowing personal use.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis remains illegal in Saint Lucia under the Drugs (Prevention of Misuse) Act 1988, classified as a controlled drug with strict penalties for possession, cultivation, and trafficking.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

A significant producer of cannabis in the Caribbean. Medical cannabis industry is established and exporting.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is a prohibited plant and Class B narcotic under the Narcotics Act 1967, there is no medical cannabis scheme, and no traveller exemption or permit was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

San Marino, the world's oldest republic and a microstate surrounded by Italy, prohibits recreational cannabis under its Law on Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances (2010). Medical cannabis may be available with special authorisation from health authorities following Italian patterns.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal in São Tomé and Príncipe and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis and CBD are illegal; there is no medical scheme and no route for visitors to bring prescribed cannabis, with severe penalties including a possible death sentence for smuggling.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Senegal and no medical cannabis scheme or traveller route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a prohibited psychoactive controlled substance in Serbia with no registered cannabis medicines, and even small-quantity possession is reported to be a criminal offence.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a controlled drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 2016, with a narrow 2020 medical route for CBD-based products that needs prior written authorisation to travel with.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

With permit

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Sierra Leone and the 2008 Act sets a minimum prison term for possession.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis and CBD are Class A controlled drugs in Singapore, with no medical cannabis scheme and no route for visitors to bring them in, including in transit.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 7 Oct 2026

One of the few EU countries where CBD was classified as a narcotic until recently. Laws remain strict.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Permit required (s 19)

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Personal possession is decriminalised (fines apply). Medical cannabis is legal.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis (Indian hemp) is controlled under the Dangerous Drugs Act (Cap. 98), with up to 10 years' imprisonment, and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Somalia, with no medical scheme found and lengthy imprisonment possible per the FCDO.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

South Africa has a progressive stance on cannabis following the 2018 Constitutional Court ruling which decriminalised private use and cultivation. The Cannabis for Private Purposes Act was signed in 2024 to formalize this framework.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled narcotic; a narrow case-by-case route exists for residents to approved cannabinoid medicines, and no route for visitors was found.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in South Sudan and the death penalty is available for drug offences in law, though not applied for drugs recently.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Medical cannabis is legal only as standardised preparations prescribed by hospital specialists and dispensed by hospital pharmacies; adult-use sale is illegal and public use is fined.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Recreational cannabis is illegal with severe penalties; traditional Ayurvedic use is reported under licence but no route for visiting patients was found.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in Sudan, the death penalty is available for drug offences, and the FCDO advises against all travel because of conflict.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal. Trafficking is a significant issue.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Sweden has some of the most restrictive drug laws in Europe with a zero-tolerance policy.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Possession of small amounts is decriminalised. Several cities are running legal recreational sales pilot programmes.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

Yes

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is prohibited in Syria, drug trafficking carries the death penalty, and the FCDO advises against all travel.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a Level 2 narcotic with severe penalties and no medical scheme; no route for visitors to bring cannabis medicines was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Tajikistan with a strict narcotics regime and no confirmed medical scheme.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Tanzania with lengthy prison sentences, including for transit passengers; no medical scheme or visitor exemption was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Thailand delisted cannabis as a narcotic in 2022, leading to a boom in dispensaries. The government is currently moving to restrict usage back to medical only.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Not yet recorded

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

The Bahamas passed the Cannabis Act, 2024 for medical, research and religious use, but according to secondary sources only its authority-setting provisions have commenced, so cannabis remains criminal under the Dangerous Drugs Act.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is understood to be illegal in Timor-Leste, but the governing law could not be confirmed and no medical scheme was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Togo and no medical cannabis scheme or visitor permit route was found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a Class B illicit drug in Tonga with no medical scheme; section 6 of the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2003 allows a traveller under treatment to carry a prescribed drug for up to one month with a doctor's written authority.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Only under the s 6 traveller exemption; no permit process found

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

Adults can possess up to 30 grams and grow up to 4 plants per household for personal use.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Decriminalised

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is prohibited in Tunisia under Law 52 of 1992, with prison sentences for use and possession, and the FCDO says the ban on carrying controlled substances applies whatever the quantity.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Recreational use is illegal. Medical use is limited to specific pharmaceutical preparations.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is illegal in Turkmenistan with lengthy prison terms and no confirmed medical scheme.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is strictly prohibited in Turks and Caicos Islands under the Control of Drugs Ordinance (Chapter 3.14), originally enacted in 1976 and last revised in 2018. The law prohibits importation, exportation, production, supply, possession, and cultivation of cannabis.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Severe

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis (Indian hemp) is prohibited under the Dangerous Drugs Act (Cap. 10.10), and a 2025 amendment sets minimum prison terms for cultivation, possession and sale.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Severe

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Uganda; a few firms are licensed to grow medical cannabis for export, with no patient scheme or visitor exemption found.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Ukraine legalised medical cannabis in 2024 to help treat PTSD in soldiers and civilians affected by the war.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Cannabis is a controlled substance in the United Arab Emirates, there is no medical cannabis scheme, and no lawful route for a visitor to bring it in could be confirmed.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 7 Oct 2026

Cannabis is a Class B drug. Medical cannabis was legalised in 2018 but access via the NHS is extremely limited.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Dec 2025

Medical:

Not yet recorded

Adult use:

Not yet recorded

Checked · 5 Oct 2026

Uruguay regulates both adult-use cannabis (citizens and permanent residents only) and prescription-based medical cannabis, with no published rules for visiting patients.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Legal

Possession:

Up to 40 g counts as personal consumption

Home grow:

6 plants per household; 480 g per year

Import:

Yes

Travel risk:

Standard

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is illegal in Uzbekistan, there is no confirmed medical scheme, and undeclared medicines can lead to criminal proceedings.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Vanuatu legalised medical cannabis and industrial hemp cultivation in 2021 under the Drugs and Precursor Chemicals Control Act to support its agricultural economy. The Pacific island nation aims to develop a cannabis export industry similar to Lesotho and other early movers.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No; ministerial permit under s 7 exists for medical practitioners or pharmacists only

Travel risk:

Moderate

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Vatican City, the world's smallest independent state, prohibits all controlled substances including cannabis under its Criminal Code (updated 2013). The Vatican incorporates Italian drug law with modifications consistent with Catholic moral teaching.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Being checked · 1 Jan 2026

Cannabis is illegal under the Ley Orgánica de Drogas (2010); no medical scheme was found and trafficking carries 8 to 15 years.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in Vietnam, there is no medical cannabis scheme, and no visitor exemption could be found.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Cannabis is prohibited in Yemen, aggravated trafficking can carry the death penalty, and the FCDO advises against all travel.

Medical:

Illegal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

Extreme

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Zambia's Cannabis Act 2021 licenses cannabis for medicinal, scientific and research purposes, while the 2021 narcotics Act still penalises possession and has a traveller rule for prescribed medicines.

Medical:

Legal, restricted

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

Not confirmed

Travel risk:

High

Checked · 8 Oct 2026

Legalised medical and scientific use in 2018. Recreational use remains illegal.

Medical:

Legal

Adult use:

Illegal

Import:

No

Travel risk:

High

Being checked · 1 Dec 2024